Container for Delivering Multiple Packages at a Pickup Location

ABSTRACT

A system for delivering packages comprising a plurality of containers, each container having a plurality of package storage compartments and each compartment comprising an individually controlled access door on an external wall of the container. One or more packages are placed in at least some of the plurality of modules at a distribution center wherein the container is configured to be transported between the distribution center and a pickup location. Upon arrival at the pickup location, the container is parked and wherein recipients of the packages in the compartments of the container are notified of the arrival of the packages at the pickup location. Each recipient is provided access to the compartment containing the package intended for that recipient.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent ApplicationNo. 63/078,619 titled “Package Delivery System”, U.S. Provisional PatentApplication No. 63/078,628 titled “Multi Use Package Receptacle”, U.S.Provisional Patent Application No. 63/078,631 titled “Package DeliveryVehicle”, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/078,637 titled“Fleet for Delivering Packages”, and U.S. Provisional Patent ApplicationNo. 63/078,645 titled “Container for Delivering Packages” filed on Sep.15, 2020, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates generally to the field of deliverylogistics.

BACKGROUND

Delivery of packages is a continually changing field. The logistics ofmoving packages from where they are to where they are wanted and at thelow costs and speeds, they are needed in the modern era requires moreand more thought. The ability to deliver packages more efficiently atlower costs is desired, especially when it comes to the part that istypically called “the last mile.”

SUMMARY

In a first aspect, a system for delivering packages comprising aplurality of containers, each container having a plurality of packagestorage compartments, each compartment comprising an individuallycontrolled access door on an external wall of the container, wherein oneor more packages are placed in at least some of the plurality of modulesat a distribution center, wherein the container is configured to betransported between the distribution center and a pickup location, andwherein, upon arrival at the pickup location, the container is parked,wherein recipients of the packages in the compartments of the containerare notified of the arrival of the packages at the pickup location, andwherein each recipient is provided access to the compartment containingthe package intended for that recipient.

In another aspect of the invention, each recipient is provided access inthe form of an access code to be entered at the parked container, andwherein entry of the access code opens the door to the appropriatecompartment of the container.

In a still further aspect, each recipient is provided access in the formof a unique signal generated by a device registered to the recipient,which unique signal opens the appropriate compartment in the container.The recipients may be notified of the arrival of the packages and theunique signals are generated by operation of an app running on thedevice. The device may be a smart phone.

In a yet still further aspect, the system detects when packages arepicked up and wherein the app is also used to provide a reminder to therecipients if the package is not picked up within a predetermined timeafter arrival at the pickup location. The reminder may include a warningthat the package will be returned to the distribution center if notpicked up by a predetermined day and time.

In another aspect, each recipient is allowed to specify a convenientdelivery date, and wherein the package is loaded on the appropriatecontainer to arrive at the pickup location by that convenient deliverydate.

In another aspect of the invention, each recipient is allowed toschedule a single convenient delivery date for multiple packages.

In still another aspect, the container comprises security features toprotect the packages and recipients.

In a still further aspect, the system for delivering packages furthercomprises a wireless communication system to facilitate monitoring andcontrol of the container from a central station.

In a still yet further aspect, the container further comprises a batteryto power its controlled access features and the wireless communicationsystem. The battery may be charged at the distribution center.

In another still yet further aspect, the container is configured to betransported by a releasable mechanical attachment to a vehicle.

In another aspect of the invention, the vehicle is an autonomousvehicle.

In still another aspect, the container is configured to be transportedfrom the distribution center to an intermediate destination by along-range transport and configured to be transported from theintermediate destination to the pickup location by a short-rangevehicle.

In a still further aspect, the container comprises a motor and wheelsthat are used in transporting the container from the distribution centerto the pickup location. The container may be autonomously driven atleast part of the way to the pickup location. The container may beconfigured to be transported from the distribution center to anintermediate destination by a long-range transport and configured totransport itself from the intermediate destination to the pickuplocation.

In a yet still further aspect, the system for delivering packagesfurther comprises at least one sensor for detecting when a package isremoved from a compartment.

Further aspects and embodiments are provided in the foregoing drawings,detailed description, and claims. Unless specified otherwise, thefeatures as described herein are combinable and all such combinationsare within the scope of this disclosure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The following drawings are provided to illustrate certain embodimentsdescribed herein. The drawings are merely illustrative and are notintended to limit the scope of claimed inventions and are not intendedto show every potential feature or embodiment of the claimed inventions.The drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale; in some instances,certain elements of the drawing may be enlarged with respect to otherelements of the drawing for purposes of illustration.

FIG. 1 is a side view of a tractor, according to an embodiment of thedisclosure.

FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the tractor shown in FIG. 1, according toan embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a removable container, according to anembodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 4 is an isometric view of the tractor illustrated in FIG. 1 alignedwith the removable container illustrated in FIG. 3, according to anembodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the tractor illustrated in FIG. 1 carrying theremovable container illustrated in FIG. 3, according to an embodiment ofthe disclosure.

FIG. 6 is an isometric view of the tractor and removable containerillustrated in FIG. 5, according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 7 is an isometric view of the back of the tractor and removablecontainer illustrated in FIG. 3, according to an embodiment of thedisclosure.

FIG. 8 is a side view of the tractor and removable container illustratedin FIG. 5, the container door being partially open, according to anembodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 9 is a side view of the tractor and removable container illustratedin FIG. 5, the container door completely open, according to anembodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 10 is a side view of a tractor carrying a removable container,according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 11 is a side view of an autonomous tractor with robotic armcarrying a removable container, according to an embodiment of thedisclosure.

FIG. 12 is an isometric view of the tractor and removable container ofFIG. 11 delivering a package to a package receptacle, according to anembodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 13 is a front view of the tractor and removable containerillustrated in FIG. 12 and a package receptacle, according to anembodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 14 is a front view of a delivery vehicle and a package receptacle,according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 15 is an isometric view of a multi-user package receptacle,according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 16 is an isometric view of a long-range transport carryingremovable containers, according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 17 is an isometric view of the long-range transport illustrated inFIG. 16 with tractors loading or unloading removable containers from thelong-range transport, according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 18 is an isometric view of the long-range transport illustrated inFIG. 16 with robots loading or unloading removable containers from thelong-range transport, according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 19 is an isometric view of a tractor and container in front of apartial see-through view of a long-range transport with containerbrackets, the tractor lifted by hydraulic suspension, according to anembodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 20 is an isometric view of a tractor and container partially backedunder the long-range transport, according to an embodiment of thedisclosure.

FIG. 21 is an isometric view of a tractor and container completelybacked under the long-range transport, according to an embodiment of thedisclosure.

FIG. 22 is an isometric view of a tractor and container completelybacked under the long-range transport, the tractor lowered by thehydraulic suspension and disconnected from the container, according toan embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 23 is an isometric view of a tractor partially pulled out fromunder the container, the container hanging from the long-rangetransport, according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 24 is an isometric view of a tractor completely pulled out fromunder the container, the container hanging from the long-rangetransport, according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 25 is a side view of a tractor and container, according to anembodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 26 is a side view of a tractor lowered by hydraulic suspension,according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 27 is a side view of a tractor backed under the container,according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 28 is a side view of a tractor with a container raised back up bythe hydraulic suspension, according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram of a system for delivering packages froma warehouse to end destinations, according to an embodiment of thedisclosure.

FIG. 30 is a schematic representation illustrating the system fordelivering packages to the end destinations, according to an embodimentof the disclosure.

FIG. 31 is a container with removable package holders, according to anembodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 32 is the container shown in FIG. 20 without the package holders,according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view of a package dispenser, according toan embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view of a package dispenser, according toan embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 35 is an isometric view of a long-range transport and trailer,according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 36 is a side view of a self-propelled container, according to anembodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 37 is an isometric view of a self-propelled container 100,according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 38 is an isometric view of a human driven container comprising acab, according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 39 is a front view of a container with a top channel, according toan embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 40 is an isometric view of a container with a top channel,according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 41 is a front view of a container with a top channel hanging from atrailer, according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 42 is a front view of a delivery robot, according to an embodimentof the disclosure.

FIG. 43 is an isometric view of a delivery robot with the lid open,according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 44 is a side view of a container on a short-range tractor with acompartment for a delivery robot, according to an embodiment of theinvention.

FIG. 45 is a rear isometric view of a container on a short-range tractorwith cubbyholes for a delivery robot, according to an embodiment of theinvention.

FIG. 46 is an isometric view of a delivery robot with a robotic arm,according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 47 is an isometric view of a container parked at a pickup location.

FIG. 48 is an isometric view of a container parked on a protectedlanding pad at a pickup location.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION Overview

Embodiments of methods, devices and processes described herein aredirected towards delivery logistics. Delivery logistics providesefficient and low cost systems and methods to move packages from onelocation to another.

The disclosure herein describes a system for delivering packages. Thesystem includes a plurality of containers each with a plurality ofpackage storage compartments and where each compartment has anindividually controlled access door. The compartments are loaded withpackages at a distribution center. The container is transported to apickup location and parked. The recipients of the packages are notifiedof the arrival of the container where they can come to the parkedcontainer and access a specified compartment to receive their packages.

Definitions

The following description recites various aspects and embodiments of theinventions disclosed herein. No particular embodiment is intended todefine the scope of the invention. Rather, the embodiments providenon-limiting examples of various compositions, and methods that areincluded within the scope of the claimed inventions. The description isto be read from the perspective of one of ordinary skill in the art.Therefore, information that is well known to the ordinarily skilledartisan is not necessarily included.

The following terms and phrases have the meanings indicated below,unless otherwise provided herein. This disclosure may employ other termsand phrases not expressly defined herein. Such other terms and phrasesshall have the meanings that they would possess within the context ofthis disclosure to those of ordinary skill in the art. In someinstances, a term or phrase may be defined in the singular or plural. Insuch instances, it is understood that any term in the singular mayinclude its plural counterpart and vice versa, unless expresslyindicated to the contrary.

As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include pluralreferents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. For example,reference to “a substituent” encompasses a single substituent as well astwo or more substituents, and the like.

As used herein, “for example,” “for instance,” “such as,” or “including”are meant to introduce examples that further clarify more generalsubject matter. Unless otherwise expressly indicated, such examples areprovided only as an aid for understanding embodiments illustrated in thepresent disclosure and are not meant to be limiting in any fashion. Nordo these phrases indicate any kind of preference for the disclosedembodiment.

As used herein, the term “tractor” is a type of vehicle that carries aremovable container to transport and deliver goods or packages. Thetractor can be driven by a human or be autonomously driven.

As used herein, the term “autonomous vehicle” refers to self-drivingvehicle, such as an autonomous tractor or autonomous transport. Anautonomous vehicle is a vehicle that is autonomously driven and iscapable of sensing its environment and moving safely with little or nohuman input. Self-driving vehicles can combine a variety of sensors toperceive their surroundings, such as radar, lidar, sonar, globalpositioning system (GPS), odometry, and inertial measuring units.Advanced control systems comprising hardware and software interpretsensory information to identify appropriate navigation paths, as well asobstacles and relevant signage.

As used herein, the term “container,” which may also be referred to as a“package container,” or “short-range transport,” is meant to refer to abox or other device to transport goods or packages. As will be discussedbelow, the container is preferably provided with compartments forholding multiple packages. Also, as discussed below, the containers mayeither be self-propelled or transported by short-range tractors.

As used herein, the term “curb side” is the right side of the vehiclefor a drive on the right country and the left side for the vehicle for adrive on the left country.

As used herein, the term “neighborhood” has a relatively broad meaning,referring to either a rural area with scattered houses, a suburban areawith adjacent houses, an apartment or condo complex, or a group ofbusinesses.

As used herein, the term “warehouse” is used synonymously with the terms“main distribution center,” “distribution point” and “centraldistribution point.” All of these terms are intended to refer to abuilding or group of buildings or shelters where goods are stored fordistribution. In some warehouses, goods are also packaged for shipmentto the end consumer.

As used herein, the terms “delivery destinations” and “end destinations”are intended to be synonymous, referring to the destination at which thepackages are delivered.

As used herein, the terms “intermediate destination” and “intermediatedistribution center” are intended to be synonymous. Both terms areintended to refer to a location between the warehouse and the deliverydestinations.

As used herein, the term “Mecanum wheel” refers to an omnidirectionaltireless wheel design for a land-based vehicle to move in any direction.The wheel is composed of a series of rubberized external rollersobliquely attached to the whole circumference of the wheel rim.

As used herein, the term “artificial neural network” refers to computingsystems inspired by the biological neural networks that constituteanimal brains. An ANN is based on a collection of connected units ornodes called artificial neurons, which loosely model the neurons in abiological brain. Each connection, like the synapses in a biologicalbrain, can transmit a signal to other neurons. An artificial neuronreceives a signal then processes it and can signal neurons connected toit. The “signal” at a connection is a real number, and the output ofeach neuron is computed by some non-linear function of the sum of itsinputs.

Exemplary Embodiments

The present disclosure relates to delivery logistics to provide anefficient and low cost method to move packages from one location toanother, such as from a warehouse to the recipient. Containers areloaded with packages at the warehouse. The containers may be releasablyattached to trailers by an attachment mechanism. The trailers aretypically connected to long-range transports to move the containers fromthe warehouse to an intermediate destination that is closer in proximityto where the packages need to be delivered. From the intermediatedestination, the containers are transported to end destinations. Thecontainers may be configured to be carried by short-range tractors ormay be self-propelled, to deliver the packages to package receptacles orto individual residences or businesses of the recipients.

In various exemplary embodiments, the containers comprise a plurality ofpackage storage modules wherein each module has an individuallycontrolled access door. Each storage module can contain one or morepackages. Upon reaching the delivery destination, the doors can beindividually opened to access the one or more packages to be delivered.

In various exemplary embodiments, the short-range tractors are capableof individually loading one or more containers connected to a trailerthen disconnecting the container from the trailer. The tractor can thenmove the container to locations where the packages located within thecontainer can be delivered to the end destinations. The tractors may behuman, remote control, or autonomously driven and can be powered by abattery or an internal combustion engine or a combination thereof.

In various exemplary embodiments, a multi-use receptacle may be used toreceive and pickup packages at the end destination. The receptacle has aplurality of storage compartments that can be locked and unlocked andcan be individually accessed by a user. The storage compartments may beassigned to an individual dwelling such as a home or apartment. Themulti-use receptacle may also be used to receive trash or re-usablepackaging to be shipped back to a warehouse for disposal or re-use forpackaging and delivery of new and different goods or products.

In various exemplary embodiments, re-usable packaging may be used todeliver products from the warehouse to the end destination and deliveredempty back to the warehouse for “full circle” zero waste. The packagingmay come in a limited number of standard sizes for easier planning ofloading into the containers at the warehouse. The packages in someinstance can have insulation or refrigeration for delivery of spoilableitems such as food products. The packaging can have electronics fortracking purposes in the event the packages are lost or stolen.

An advantage of several embodiments of the invention is that it ispossible to reduce the amount of packaging used in shipping products.Often, in current shipping systems, products that are already containedin a package, such as a cardboard box from the manufacturer, are placedin another box, a bag or a padded envelope for shipping. This is done toprotect the inner packaging and to facilitate addressing of the package.Naturally, this outer packaging adds to the cost and environmentalfootprint of shipping. Nevertheless, in accordance with embodiments ofthe present invention, it may not be necessary to add this extrapackaging. This is particularly true for the embodiments where thepackages are delivered to a receptacle, which serves to protect the uponpackage. This is also particularly true for the embodiments where thepackages are placed in individual compartments in the container, thusprotecting the package and also facilitating getting the package to thecorrect recipient.

In various exemplary embodiments, a fleet for delivering packages can beassembled comprising a first number of containers, a second number oftrailers, and a third number of tractors. The first number of containersis at least twice as large as the third number of tractors and the thirdnumber of tractors is at least twice as large as the second number oftrailers.

In various exemplary embodiments, delivery robots may be used for “lastmile” deliveries of packages from a container to a recipient at an enddestination. The delivery robots operate autonomously or by remotecontrol. The robots may comprise a robotic arm to remove a package fromthe cargo bay of the robot.

Package Delivery System

The following embodiments relate to a package delivery system for movingpackages from a warehouse or central distribution point to enddestinations.

FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram of a system for delivering packages froma warehouse to end destinations, according to an embodiment of thedisclosure. Warehouse 70 contains a plurality of packages to bedelivered to end destinations. End destinations can include homeresidences 74 such as an apartment or house, or a commercial orindustrial site 75, or other location. In some embodiments, the enddestinations may be one or more package receptacles. The system includesa fleet of self-propelled long-range transports, preferably consistingof trailers 50 pulled by long-range tractors such as semis 52. Thesystem also includes a fleet of containers 30. The long-range transportsmay be powered by an electric motor wherein a rechargeable batteryprovides power to the electric motor. The long-range transports may alsobe self-driving and autonomous or remote controlled.

Packages that are destined for end destinations 74 are loaded into thecontainers 30. The containers may also be referred to as short-rangetransports. After loading, the containers are loaded onto the trailers50 of the long-range transports. In some embodiments, the containers maybe loaded with a plurality of packages while attached to the long-rangetransports. In some embodiments, the containers have a plurality ofboxes or compartments each with a door, each of the plurality of boxescarrying a package or packages for each end destination. Preferably,each long-range transport is configured to be loaded with at least fourloaded containers.

The long-range transports move the containers 30 from the warehouse 70to an intermediate destination 72, wherein the containers are configuredto then be transported to an end destination, i.e., the “last mile.” Thecontainers offload their packages at the end destination and aretransported back to the long-range transports to be returned to thewarehouse. In some embodiments, a fleet of short-range tractors 10 aremaintained and located at the intermediate destination. The tractorsdrive under the containers that are loaded on the long-range transport,whereupon the containers mount to the tractors and detach from thelong-range transport.

The tractors 10 are self-propelled and may be either self-drivingautonomous tractors, remote controlled, or driven by a driver in thecab. The tractors then travel from the intermediate destinations to enddestinations 74, 75 that are proximate to the intermediate destinations.At least some of the packages are delivered to the end destinations.After completing delivery, the tractors return the containers to thelong-range transports, which return the containers back to the warehousefor reloading of new packages.

FIG. 30 is a schematic representation of the “last mile” delivery, i.e.,the containers being moved by the short-range tractors from theintermediate destinations to the end destinations, according to anembodiment of the disclosure. The containers disperse from theintermediate destination to travel to end destinations throughout acity, town, or other location where packages are delivered.

In one embodiment, there are more containers 30 than there arelong-range transport slots, allowing for continual loading of containerswhile the loaded containers are brought to the intermediate destinations72. In one embodiment, there are twice as many containers thanlong-range tractors.

In one embodiment, a processor is used to process the data relating tothe identity of the packages and their respective delivery destinations.The processor is configured to determine efficient loading of thepackages into each of the containers. This means that the packages willbe removed from the container in the order of delivery at the enddestinations. This processor further determines efficient loading of thecontainer onto the long-range transports. In one embodiment, theprocessor determines efficient locations for the one or moreintermediate destinations based on the end destinations of the packagesloaded in the containers on that particular day. The processor may stillbe further configured to determine efficient routes for the containersto travel to the end destinations. In an alternative embodiment, thelocation of the intermediate destinations is determined based onhistorical data for packages over a given number of days, weeks, ormonths. In such determinations, the processor works with data based ondistance and current and/or historical travel times.

Intermediate locations are selected based on their physical location,i.e., for proximity to the end destinations as well as proximity tomajor highways. In some embodiments, the same intermediate destinationsare used from day to day. In other embodiments, the intermediatedestinations are changed each day to provide the most efficient deliveryoptions for that day's deliveries.

Preferably, the intermediately delivery destinations are pre-existingpaved lots, so as to save the expense of building them anew. Forexample, parking lots at malls or factories may be used, particularly ifthe time of day for deliveries would not interfere with other uses.

In other embodiments, the intermediate delivery destinations are purposebuilt for the delivery system. This is especially preferred when theshort-range tractors are stored and even charged at the intermediatedelivery destinations.

It should be noted that, although the preferred embodiment is used inthe context of daily deliveries, the inventions herein are also suitedfor use in delivery systems which provide the opportunity of multipledeliveries and/or pickups per day. Likewise, the inventions herein aresuited for use in sparsely populated areas where deliveries and pickupsoccur less than once a day.

In some embodiments, during delivery of at least some of the packages,the container stops at pickup locations proximate to the enddestinations and receives new packages to be delivered by the containerback to the warehouse. In some embodiments, a GPS unit and processoralso determine the route and order to reach the delivery destinations.

In some embodiments, the package delivery system may include packagingthat can be re-used one or more times. The products can be packaged atthe warehouse with the re-usable packaging. At the end destination, therecipient removes the product from the packaging and returns it to thepackage delivery system where the packaging can be sent back to thewarehouse where it can be used to package other products for delivery toother end destinations such that there is “full circle” usage and zerowaste. The re-usable packaging may only come in a limited number ofsizes, perhaps 3-4 sizes as most products can be packaged in a limitednumber of package sizes. This allows for predictable and efficientpacking of packages in the containers. In other embodiments, there-usable packaging is removed by the delivery person or delivery robotat the time the item is delivered.

The re-usable packaging may also comprise refrigeration units and/orinsulation for delivery of perishable products such as food, livestock,chemicals, or prescription drugs. The packaging may also compriseelectronics for logistical and tracking purposes. For example, aBluetooth® beacon or other wireless identifier may be incorporated intothe re-usable packaging. Such a beacon may be used to give the re-usablepackaging a unique identifier, which can be used for tracking andselection of the route and particular container to load the package on.The electronics may also be used to confirm delivery, or to track lostor stolen packages. The packaging may comprise wheels to easily move thepackage into a garage or through a door to a residence, commercial orindustrial location. In other embodiments, the re-usable packaging maybe self-propelled to autonomously move the package from the deliverycontainer to the precise spot where the end user dictates the package beleft. Upon delivery of the package contents, the self-propelledre-useable packaging can autonomously return to the delivery container.The self-propelled re-usable packaging may also move by remote control.

Fleet for Delivering Packages

The following embodiments relate to a fleet for delivering packages,i.e., the various components of the delivery system that move thepackages and containers from central warehouse to the end destinations.In the preferred embodiment, this fleet is comprised of containers,long-range transports, and short-range tractors.

In one embodiment, a fleet of self-propelled long-range transports areprovided. FIG. 16 is an isometric view of a single long-range transportcarrying removable containers 30, according to an embodiment of thedisclosure. The long-range transport comprises a trailer 50 coupled witha long-range tractor, such as a semi or rig 52. Each of the containersare configured to be loaded at the warehouse with packages to bedelivered to end destinations. Preferably, each long-range transport isconfigured to be loaded with at least four of the loaded containers andtransport the at least four of the loaded containers from the warehouseto one or more intermediate destinations. Upon arrival of one of theloaded long-range transports at one of the one or more intermediatedestinations, at least one of the loaded containers separates from theloaded long-range transport, whereupon the separated container deliverspackages to the end destinations proximate to the one of the one or moreintermediate destinations. After delivery of at least some of thepackages loaded thereon at the warehouse, the container is once againloaded on the long-range transport and returned to the warehouse to beloaded with more packages.

As mentioned, the fleet preferably comprises a number of short-rangetractors that transport the containers from the intermediate destinationto the end destination. In an alternative embodiment, the containers areself-propelled, i.e., get themselves from intermediate destination tothe end destinations. Such self-propelled containers may be human driven(See FIG. 38), remote-controlled, or autonomous (see FIG. 39).

Returning again to the preferred embodiment, the containers are mountedon the short-range tractors to facilitate delivery of packages from theintermediate destinations to the end destinations. The short-rangetractors may be maintained at the one or more intermediate destinationsor elsewhere. The containers are loaded onto the short-range tractors atthe one or more intermediate destinations.

In the preferred embodiment, there are more trailers in the fleet thanlong-range tractors. In this way, the long-range tractors do not have tostand idle waiting for unloading and reloading the containers and areinstead always in motion for increased efficiency. In other words, thelong-range tractor can park a loaded trailer at the intermediatedestination, whereupon the short-range tractors come and take theappropriate containers and start their delivery routes. In the meantime,the long-range tractor can hitch a trailer that has already had thecontainers returned after deliveries have been made, whereupon thelong-range tractor can move to another intermediate destination orreturn to the central warehouse. Alternatively, the long-range tractorsimply waits at the intermediate destination for the containers to bebrought back, whereupon the long-range tractor returns the emptiedcontainers to the warehouse.

This scheme is illustrated in FIG. 35, which shows a second trailer 51is idle and supported on its foot 49. The second trailer 51 hascontainers 29 that are empty and the long-range transport 52 switchesfrom the first trailer 50 to the second trailer 51 and returns thesecond trailer 51 and its associated containers 29 for reloading,leaving the first trailer 50 to be unloaded, the containers to do theirdeliveries, and then reloaded. This prevents the driver or long-rangetransport 52 from being idle.

In one embodiment, a fleet of short-range package delivery vehicles isprovided. Preferably, a first number of tractors is provided, each witha motor, a pair of front wheels, a rear wheel, and a rail between thepair of front wheels and the rear wheel. A second number, at least twiceas large as the first number of removable containers is provided, eachcomprising a space for storing packages, a bottom of the removablecontainers configured to fit over the rail and rear wheel and to mountto the rail of the tractors. At any given time, some of the removablecontainers are mounted to tractors ready for delivery of the packages,and others of the removable containers are separated from tractors andare being loaded with packages at a distribution center. Preferably, thesystem has more removable cargo sections (short-range transports orcontainers) than driving sections (tractors). In this way, the removablecargo sections can be loaded with packages at the warehouse when notattached to the driving section.

In one embodiment, a fleet for delivering packages is provided. A firstnumber of containers is provided. Each container has at least onecompartment for receiving packages at a main distribution center, afirst attachment member on an outer surface, and a second attachmentmember on an outer surface. A second number of trailers is provided.Each trailer is configured to carry multiple containers from the maindistribution center to an intermediate distribution center. Each trailerhas multiple first attachment receivers, whereby the multiple containersare attached to the trailer during transport from the main distributioncenter to the intermediate distribution center. A third number oftractors is provided. Each tractor is configured to carry at least onecontainer from the intermediate distribution center to deliverydestinations for the packages in the container. Each tractor has atleast one second attachment receiver. The at least one container isattached to the tractor during transport from the intermediatedistribution center to the delivery destinations and back to theintermediate distribution center.

Preferably, the third number (short-range tractors) is at least twice aslarge as the second number (long-range transports, e.g., trailers) andthe first number (containers) is at least twice as large as the thirdnumber. In other words, there are at least twice as many containers asthere are short-range tractors, so that the short-range tractors do nothave to be idle while the containers are being loaded at the warehouseor in transit between the warehouse and the intermediate distributionpoint. Also, there are at least twice as many short-range tractors asthere are long-range transports or trailers, so that the long-rangetransports can be used to bring containers to multiple short-rangetractors with each trip.

Container for Delivering Packages

The following embodiments relate to containers for delivering packages.

FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a removable container 30, according to anembodiment of the disclosure. The depicted container 30 consists of ashell 32, a rolling door 34, a battery (internal, not shown) with abattery indicator 35 (external), and a groove 36. The shell 32 issubdivided into smaller compartments 38 which can be filled withpackages 37, 39 as shown in FIGS. 8-9. Some packages 37 comprise wheelsso they can be easily moved if they are heavy or for someone who ishandicapped or with a disability that prevents them from carrying thepackage. In some embodiments, the smaller compartments 36 containpushers, as shown in FIGS. 33 and 34 and discussed below. In someembodiments, the shell is a hollow box in which packages can be stacked.In some embodiments, all the doors are located on the curb side of thevehicle.

FIG. 10 is a side view of a removable container on the back of ashort-range tractor, according to an embodiment of the disclosure. Inthis design, the container comprises a plurality of doors 40 whereineach door can access a compartment by an access code on a keypad. Inother embodiments, only a key may be necessary to open the compartments.

In most embodiments, packages are delivered directly to an individualresidence or business. In alternative embodiments discussed in greaterdetail below, the container, such as that shown in FIG. 10 is off-loadedfrom the short-range tractor and parked in a convenient pickup location,such as a common area of a large apartment complex or a common area of abusiness or industrial park. Recipients of the packages in the containerare notified that a package is sitting in a particular compartment ofthe container and given an access code or some other means for accessingthat compartment to retrieve their packages. For example, anidentification signal sent from a recipient's smartphone may be themeans to access the compartment. Preferably, the user is also given thetime window for accessing the compartment, i.e., the time that thecontainer will be located at that location. In this embodiment, thecontainer may be parked in that location for a day, i.e., until the nextday when the container is swapped out for another container with newpackages. Alternatively, the dwell time for the container at the pickuplocation may be shorter or longer. Preferably, in this “parkedcontainer” embodiment, the container is outfitted with cameras and othersecurity measures to provide safety for the packages and users of thesystem. Also, the parked container is preferably configured so as to beable to accept packages to be returned to the central warehouse.

FIG. 31 is a container with removable package holders that may be usedin one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 32 is the container ofFIG. 31 without the package holders. This container may be mounted to atractor 10 such as that illustrated in FIG. 1 or may be a traditionalbox container. The center of the container 30 contains a wall withmounting brackets 80 on which removable package holders 82 are mounted.Each of these removable package holders is coded so that once a packageis placed in it only the end destination package recipient can open it,either by typing in a code, by a wireless device, or other method. Theremovable package holders 82 are of a variety of sizes, allowing fordifferent size packages to be placed in them in order to maximize spaceusage on the container 30. The end destination may also have packages,trash, or re-usable packaging materials to be picked up and theremovable package holders 82 may be used to receive the packages, trash,or re-usable packaging materials from end users, as well.

FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view of a package dispenser that may beused in one embodiment of the present invention. The package dispensershown consists of two chambers, a small package dispenser chamber 82 anda large package dispenser chamber 83. The two chambers are otherwiseidentical. These package dispensers can be mounted in the container ofFIG. 31, though the doors 40 and 41 open from the bottom in thisembodiment, instead of the side as in FIG. 31. When a user transmits hiscode (by typing it in or via a wireless device), the door 40 holding hispackage 37, 39 unlocks. Door 40 is not openable from the outside—thepackage 37, 39 being pushed through makes the door 40 open. The motor 84turns a screw 92 which causes follower 90 to travel forward. Follower 90has fingers that extend up through slots in compartment floor 86 andpushes the packages forward, pushing package 39 through door 40 untilthe recipient can grab the package 39 and remove it. The door 40immediately shuts and locks. The packages behind package 39 are notremovable by that recipient and are intended for other recipients.

In one embodiment, if the end user removes his package and then forcesthe door 40 open and removes any further packages, the theft of theextra packages is reported wirelessly to the delivery company and policeare notified. Cameras may be situated on the outside of the container toobserve package recipients for both theft prevention, theft recovery,and to show the end user in case he thinks he did not get the packagewho received it.

FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view of a package dispenser that may beused in one embodiment of the present invention. The package dispensershown consists of two chambers, a small package dispenser 82 and a largepackage dispenser 83. The two chambers are otherwise identical. Thesepackage dispensers can be mounted in the container of FIG. 31, thoughthe doors 40 and 41 open from the bottom in this embodiment, instead ofthe side as in FIG. 31. When a user transmits his code (by typing it inor via a wireless device), the door 40 holding his package 39 unlocks.Facial or fingerprint recognition may also be used to achieve access.Door 40 is not openable from the outside—the package 39 being pushedthrough makes the door 40 open. The air pump 84 pumps air throughautomatic valve 96 and actuates a bellows 94 which pushes the packagesforward, pushing package 39 through door 40 until the recipient can grabthe package 39 and remove it. The door 40 immediately shuts and locks,the packages behind package 39 not being removable by that recipient,being intended for other recipients.

In another embodiment, the containers 30 are configured with wheels andmotors and are therefore able to load onto and off of the long-rangetransports 106 without a tractor. In some embodiments, the containersare self-driving. FIG. 36 is a side view of a self-propelled container100, according to an embodiment of the disclosure. FIG. 36 illustrateshow powered wheels may be integrated with a container. Wheels 102 arelocated at the front and rear of the container. The wheels can propelthe container in a forward and backward fashion. The front and rearwheels may be able to be turned to steer the container in desireddirections. The wheels may be retractable such that when the containeris coupled to a trailer in the long-range transport, the wheels can belifted up during transport. When the long-range transport reaches theintermediate destination, the wheels may be lowered and the containerdisconnected so it can drive away to deliver packages to the enddestinations.

Container 100 further comprises a shell 104 and rolling door 106. Othertypes of doors may be used such as hinged doors. Container 100 furthercomprises an antenna 108 to be able to receive wireless signals such asfrom a global positioning system (GPS) or from a communications centerfor navigational purposes.

Self-propelled container 100 comprises one or more windows 110. Thewindows which are shown on the front and sides of the container may alsobe located in the rear of the container to allow for one or more opticalsensors and one or more gyroscopes or other navigational electronicscomponents to operate effectively while also protecting the electronicsfrom damage. The self-propelled container further comprises one or moreheadlights 112. The headlights may be on the front or rear of theself-propelled container so the container can operate at night or inrainy or foggy conditions.

Two or more self-propelled autonomous containers may be able tocommunicate with each other to form an artificial neural network (ANN)wherein each container act as a node. As the autonomous containers 100navigate through a city or town they collect information and come acrossobstacles that can delay their trip to their final destinations. Theobstacles may include construction zones, stairs, temporary or permanentbarriers, or naturally formed obstacles such as snow, ice, or waterpuddles. The autonomous containers can collect and communicate thisinformation to the other autonomous containers so that their routes canbe adjusted and can be re-directed to avoid the obstacles and provide amore efficient route to their final destinations.

FIG. 37 is an isometric view of a self-propelled container 100,according to an embodiment of the disclosure. This view furtherillustrates how the headlights are arranged and a front facing window114 behind which sensors or other electronics may be located. Theself-propelled container may be moved by an electric motor wherein themotor is powered by a rechargeable battery. This view furtherillustrates a battery indicator 116 that shows the battery charge leveland a groove or slot 118. The groove allows for a tractor 10 couple withthe self-propelled container for another means to transport theself-propelled container.

In other embodiments, the containers may have a driver's cab for a humanto operate and direct the container. FIG. 38 is an isometric view of ahuman driven container 200 comprising a cab, according to an embodimentof the disclosure. Wheels 202 are located at the front and rear of thecontainer. The wheels can propel the container in a forward and backwardfashion. The front and rear wheels may be able to be turned to furthermove the container in desired directions. The wheels may be retractablesuch that when the container is coupled to a trailer in the long-rangetransport, the wheels can be lifted up during transport. When thelong-range transport reaches the intermediate destination, the wheelsmay be lowered and the container disconnected so it can drive away todeliver packages to the end destinations.

Container 200 further comprises a shell 204 and a door 206 to access thepackages being delivered. Container 200 comprises a groove 208 to allowthe container to be carried on a short-range tractor and a batterycharge indicator 210. The container further comprises a cab 212 and acab door 214 for a driver to enter the cab. A door may be located onboth sides of the cab and wherein the door comprises at least one window216. The cab comprises a windshield 218. The human driven container canbe driven and decoupled or coupled with a trailer of a long-rangetransport. In some embodiments, the container may also be operated as anautonomous vehicle or by remote control if a driver is unavailable. Thecontainer may additionally be equipped with navigational equipmentdescribed in the autonomous container 100 embodiment.

It should be noted that a trailer 50 in a long-range transport, such asthe embodiment illustrated in FIG. 16, is capable of carrying the sameor different types of containers at the same time. For example, atrailer may transport a container 30 that is transported by ashort-range tractor, an autonomous container 100, and a human drivencontainer 200.

The motors in the containers may be an internal combustion engine (ICE)or an electric motor that is powered by a rechargeable battery or ahybrid that is a combination of an ICE and an electric motor. Thecontainers may be charged at the warehouse while they are being loadedwith packages. Alternatively, the containers may have depleted batteriesswapped out for charged batteries at the warehouse.

FIG. 18 is an isometric view of the long-range transport of FIG. 16 withrobots loading or unloading removable containers from the long-rangetransport, according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The robotscomprise pincers or grabbers 65 to take hold of the containers to removethem from the trailer. Robots may be used to remove and load thecontainers from the long-range transport at the warehouse or anintermediate destination.

The removable containers 30 may be the same as those in FIGS. 3-11. Thelong-range transport consists of a trailer 50 and a long-range tractor,“semi” or “rig” 52. The containers 30 hang from under the trailer 50when they are moved from a central warehouse to a local hub orintermediate destination, as described below in conjunction with FIGS.29 and 30.

FIG. 17 is an isometric view of the long-range transport of FIG. 16 withtractors loading or unloading removable containers 30 from thelong-range transport, according to an embodiment of the disclosure. Thisview illustrates how the single rail 18 of the tractor backs into thegroove 36 of a container that is coupled to the trailer 50. Once therail of the tractor is inserted into the groove of a container, thecontainer can be disconnected from the trailer such that the tractor candrive away with the container. In other embodiments, the container maybe a self-propelled container 100 that may move away on its own or beconnected to a tractor to be able to be moved and transported to anotherlocation.

As seen in FIGS. 17 and 29, upon arrival at the intermediate destinationor local hub, the containers 30 are offloaded by short-range tractors 10from the trailer 50. After the tractors have delivered at least aportion of the packages contained in the containers to end destinations,the tractors return the containers to the trailer. Upon reloading thecontainers, the tractors disengage and the semi 52 returns the trailerand containers to the warehouse. There, robots or humans or both canunload the containers from the trailer. The containers are reloaded withpackages and the containers are reloaded under the trailer of along-range transport, beginning the delivery cycle again.

The container includes one or more compartments for receiving packagesat a distribution center. A delivery access portal is configured toallow access to an appropriate package for a given delivery destination.A mechanism moves the appropriate package from the compartment to thedelivery access portal at or before the container arrives at the givendelivery destination.

The container may comprise a processor that determines that thecontainer is transported to a specific end destination and transmits toa recipient at the specific end destination, via a smart device, a codewith which to open the door to access the box carrying the package orpackages for the specific end destination.

In one embodiment, the containers 30 have external indicators forshowing battery status. In one embodiment, the batteries are swappablewhen depleted or damaged. The secondary batteries in the tractor areused for moving the tractors when disconnected from the containers.These are also swappable when depleted or damaged.

In some embodiments, the container has one or more doors to accesspackages stored therein. Preferably, the one or more doors are alllocated on the curb-side of the vehicle.

Package Delivery Vehicle

The following embodiments relate to vehicles for delivering packages.

FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the tractor of FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is anisometric view of the tractor of FIG. 1 aligned with the removablecontainer of FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is a side view of the tractor of FIG. 1carrying the removable container of FIG. 3. FIG. 6 is an isometric viewof the tractor and removable container of FIG. 3. FIG. 7 is an isometricview of the back of the tractor and removable container of FIG. 3. FIG.8 is a side view of the tractor and removable container of FIG. 3, thecontainer door being partially opened. FIG. 9 is a side view of thetractor and removable container of FIG. 3, the container door completelyopen. The tractor 10 consists of a motor 12, a driver's cab 20, a pairof front wheels 14, a rear wheel 16, and a longitudinal rail 18 betweenthe pair of front wheels and the rear wheel. A battery 22 is preferablymounted inside the rail. The rear wheel is centered at the back end ofthe rail. The tractor 10 is therefore a three-wheeled vehicle with amotor and chassis. The driver's cab 20 is configured with drivingcontrols and a driver's door on the curb side of the vehicle.

The short-range tractors may contain batteries for propelling tractorswithout the container 30 being loaded. The batteries can be charged atthe intermediate destinations.

The short-range tractors may be propelled by electric motors.Preferably, the electric motors are powered by batteries carried on thecontainers. The short-range tractors can also have secondary batteriesfor propelling short-range tractors for short distances without acontainer loaded thereon. The batteries can be recharged while thecontainers are loaded on the long-range transports. Alternatively, thebatteries are recharged while the containers dwell at the centralwarehouse. Still alternatively, the batteries are recharged in bothsituations. The containers contain a device and indicator 35 to checkthe status of the batteries while the containers are loaded on thelong-range transports. In some embodiments, the motor is an electricmotor. A battery is carried in the removable container which powers theelectric motor. The battery can be charged when the removable containeris separated from the tractor. For example, the battery in the containermay be charged at the central warehouse while the container is beingloaded with packages. Alternatively, the battery can be swapped out ofthe removable container when depleted or damaged. Most efficiently,these processes are carried out at the central warehouse.

A secondary battery can be carried by the tractor to power the electricmotor when the removable container is separated from the tractor or whenthe battery in the removable container is depleted or damaged. Thesecondary battery is charged by the battery in the removable container.The secondary battery can be swapped out of the tractor when depleted ordamaged.

In one embodiment, the tractor and the container are attached by anautomated latch, which mechanically locks the removable container ontothe tractor 10. In another embodiment, pins in the rail 18 of thetractor extend into the container, locking the container in place. Thecontainer 30 has a first attachment member on a top surface (see FIGS.19-24, for example) and a second attachment member on a bottom surfaceof the container. This can be on the top or sides of the groove 36 ofthe container.

FIG. 10 is a side view of a tractor, such as that of FIGS. 1-6, carryinga removable container that may be used in embodiments of the presentinvention. The bottom of the container configured to fit over the railand rear wheel of the tractor and to mount to the rail. The removablecontainer is like that in FIGS. 3-6 except each of the smallercompartments 36 have individual doors. The delivery operator opens thedoor to retrieve a package and deliver it to the end destination. In oneembodiment, the doors can be opened automatically by wireless connectionby a device, such as a smart phone, carried by the delivery operator.The container is synced to a GPS system and determines which door toopen at each end destination as the delivery operator walks from the cabto grab packages. All other doors 40 remain secure.

FIG. 11 is a side view of an autonomous tractor with robotic armcarrying a removable container that may be used in one embodiment of thepresent invention. The removable container is like that in FIG. 10. TheGPS system determines which door 40 to open at each end destination andthe robotic arm 42 reaches into the small compartment 38, grabs thepackage 39 for delivery.

In another embodiment of FIGS. 9 and 10, there is no delivery operatoror robotic arm. The delivery vehicle transmits a message to the packagerecipient of the end destination alerting the package recipient that hispackage 39 has arrived, which door 40 the package is behind, and thecode to enter into a keypad 120 on the door to open the door to retrievehis package. In one embodiment, instead of a code, he presses a buttonin a smart phone app while standing next to the container 30 that opensthe appropriate door. Although an optional keypad is shown on each doorin FIG. 10, in other embodiments only one keypad is located on thecontainer where a recipient can enter code to direct a specific door tobe opened. The keypad may also comprise an optical scanner to readoptically readable code, a chip reader, or a magnetic strip reader. Thekeypad may be able to receive a wireless signal to open the door.

FIG. 12 is an isometric view of the tractor and removable container ofFIG. 11 delivering a package to a package receptacle that may be used inone embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a front view of thetractor and removable container of FIG. 11 with the package receptacleof FIG. 12. The tractor 10 transmits a signal wirelessly by transmitter46 which communicates with receiver 62, the receiver transmits thesignal to an access control unit that verifies the delivery service andopens door 53 to allow the robotic arm 42 access to the top compartment54 of the package receptacle 48. The robotic arm takes the package 39and places it into the top compartment. The package recipient has accessto the top compartment to receive deliveries, either by codes for thedoor 55, by smart phone app, by Bluetooth®, by key, or similar means.Preferably, the package receptacle is powered by a solar panel 60 thatcharges a battery.

In some embodiments, the signal is provided by the package recipient. Inother embodiments, the signal is provided by a smart device, wirelesslysending a unique access code. In still other embodiments, the signal isprovided by the recipient entering a code provided to the recipient inadvance. In still yet other embodiments, the signal is provided byentering the code on a keypad. In some embodiments, the signal isprovided by speaking the code. In other embodiments, the signal isprovided by a GPS unit and a processor that recognizes the appropriatedestination has been reached.

In some embodiments, the signal is provided by a wireless beacon at thedelivery destination that emits a unique identifying code. In otherembodiments, the wireless beacon is integrated in a package receptacleat the delivery destination. In still other embodiments, the signal isprovided by scanning an optically readable code at the deliverydestination, for example an optically readable code located on an outersurface of the package receptacle.

In some embodiments, each of the compartment doors comprise a light orother visual indicator to indicate when the door is unlocked.

In some embodiments, the GPS unit and processor also determine the routeand order to reach the delivery destinations.

In some embodiments, the autonomous vehicle is configured to drive bothforward and backward, whereby the container can always align thedelivery portal to curb-side.

FIG. 19 is an isometric view of a tractor and container in front of apartial see-through view of a long-range transport with containerbrackets, with the tractor lifted by hydraulic suspension that may beused in one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is an isometric view of the tractor and container partiallybacked under the long-range transport, according to an embodiment of thedisclosure.

FIG. 21 is an isometric view of the tractor and container completelybacked under the long-range transport, according to an embodiment of thedisclosure.

FIG. 22 is an isometric view of the tractor and container completelybacked under the long-range transport, the tractor lowered by thehydraulic suspension and disconnected from the container, according toan embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 23 is an isometric view of the tractor partially pulled out fromunder the container, the container hanging from the long-rangetransport, according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 24 is an isometric view of the tractor completely pulled out fromunder the container, the container hanging from the long-rangetransport, according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The long-rangetransport trailer 50 is that of FIGS. 16-18. The long-range transporttrailer 50 has container brackets 66 underneath the roof of the trailer.The container 30 has a lip 31 on the left and right sides of the roofthat are strong enough to carry the weight of the container 30 fullyloaded. The container brackets 66 have grooves and end caps 67 thatallow the container 30 to pass over the end caps 67 while the tractor iselevated on hydraulic suspension 68 but to block motion when the tractorhydraulic suspension 68 is lowered.

FIGS. 19-24 show the tractor 10 backing in and leaving the container 30hanging from the trailer 50. Viewing these figures in reverse order,shows the tractor 10 taking the container 30 from the trailer 50. InFIG. 19, the tractor raises up on hydraulic suspension 68, causing theroof of the container 30 to be even with the bottom of the trailer's 50underside. In FIGS. 20 and 21, the container 30 is then backed by thetractor 10 between the container brackets 66 and above the end caps 67until the lip 31 is aligned with the container brackets 66. Thehydraulic suspension 68 lowers enough that the lip 31 just makes contactwith the container brackets 66. Upper pins 21 push forward from bothgrooves in the container brackets 66, engaging with the lip 31. Thecombination of the grooves in the container brackets 66, the end caps67, and the upper pins 21, positively locks the container 30 in placeunder the trailer 50. The connection between the container groove 36 andthe rail 18, via holes 17 and associated lower pins 19 (shown retractedin FIGS. 23 and 24), respectively, are then disconnected.

In FIG. 22, the hydraulic suspension 68 lowers the tractor 10 so theweight of the container 30 rests through lip 31 on the containerbrackets 66, thereby securing the container 30 to the trailer 50.

In FIGS. 23 and 24, the tractor 10 pulls forward, leaving the container30 on the trailer 50 and shifts to the default hydraulic suspension 68height. All steps are reversed for the tractor 10 to detach thecontainer 30 from the trailer 50. In one embodiment, the default heightfor the hydraulic suspension is the height needed to back (or pullthrough) the container 30 lip 31 above the end caps 67.

In some embodiments, the upper pins and lower pins are solenoid actuatedor magnetically coupled. In other embodiments, the pins are replaced bylatches.

In another embodiment, the container and tractor combined are smallenough to fit under the trailer and the entire tractor/containerassemblage is carried back and forth by the trailer. In someembodiments, the tractor and container are a single unit, i.e., notseparable. In other words, in some embodiments, the container isself-propelled, as shown in FIGS. 36-38 and described in more detailbelow.

FIG. 25 is a side view of a short-range tractor and container that maybe used in one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 26 is the side view of FIG. 19, the tractor lowered by hydraulicsuspension, according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 27 is the side view of FIG. 19, the tractor backed completely underthe container, according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 28 is the side view of the tractor and container shown in FIG. 19,the tractor raised back up by the hydraulic suspension, according to anembodiment of the disclosure. The tractor may be that of FIG. 1. Thecontainer may be that of FIG. 3. The tractor 10 begins at a standardheight in FIG. 25. In FIG. 26, the hydraulic suspension 68 lowers theentire truck so that the rail 18 is low enough to fit under groove 36 ofcontainer 30. The tractor 10 backs under the trailer 30 in FIG. 27. Thehydraulic suspension 68 then lifts the truck back to the standard heightin FIG. 28. To positively lock the container 30 to the rail 18, a seriesof pins on both sides of the rail 18, actuated by solenoid or othermeans, extend from the rail 18 and engage with holes inside the groove36 when the rail 18 is inside the groove 36. In one embodiment, anautomated latch mechanically locks the removable container on thetractor.

Although the trailers illustrated herein are adapted to carry only thecontainers back and forth to the central warehouse, the trailers mayalso be configured to carry one or more containers. For example, if ashort-range tractor needs a repair, it may be desirable to be able tocarry it back to the warehouse by loading it on the trailer.Alternatively, the trailer may be configured to tow a short-rangetractor behind it.

While the preferred system, which includes containers that are carriedby the trailer and then taken by short-range tractors, has beenillustrated and described above; an alternative embodiment of the systemuses containers that are self-propelled as illustrated in FIGS. 36-37.In this alternative embodiment, the self-propelled, containers arefilled with packages at the central warehouse and then loaded on atrailer or other long-range transport and taken to the intermediatedestinations.

In some embodiments, the tractor has a cab configured with drivingcontrols and a driver's door on the curb-side of the vehicle.

In one embodiment, the removable container has a top mounting bracketthat mounts to an overhead bracket of a trailer configured to transportmultiple removable containers.

In some embodiments, the first attachment member is located on a topsurface of the containers. Multiple containers hang from a trailer loadbearing structure when attached. In some embodiments, the secondattachment member is located on a bottom surface of the containers. Thecontainers rest on top of a tractor load bearing structure whenattached.

In some embodiments, the trailer further consists of a lifting mechanismconfigured to move the trailer load bearing structure vertically,whereby when a container supported by the trailer load bearing structureis moved down, the container comes into contact with and rests on top ofthe tractor load bearing structure and when the trailer load bearingstructure is moved up, the container is lifted off of the tractor loadbearing structure to be fully supported by the trailer load bearingstructure.

In some embodiments, each tractor further comprises a lifting mechanismconfigured to move the tractor load bearing structure vertically. When acontainer supported by the tractor load bearing structure is moved up,the container comes into contact with and attaches to the trailer loadbearing structure and when the tractor load bearing structure is movedup, the container is released from of the trailer load bearing structureto be fully supported by the tractor load bearing structure.

In some embodiments, each trailer load bearing structure is a transverserail extending from a longitudinal frame member of the trailer. The topsurface of the containers includes a channel, which channel captures atransverse rail to attach a container to a trailer. Each tractor has atleast four transverse rails to thereby attach at least four containers.

FIG. 39 is a front view of a container 300 with a top channel, accordingto an embodiment of the invention. Container 300 is similar to container30 described previously herein but further comprises a top channel 302in addition to a bottom channel 304 wherein both channels extendcompletely end-to-end along the length of the container. Container 300further comprises a top left structure 306 that forms a left lip 308 anda top right structure 310 that forms a right lip 312, and a batterycharge indicator 314. Structure 306, 310 is preferably a reinforcedmaterial to be able to support at least the weight of the container whenit is full of packages as it hangs from underneath a trailer on thetransverse rails.

In some embodiments, container embodiments may also have a top channelas illustrated in FIGS. 39-40.

FIG. 40 is an isometric view of a container 300 with a top channel,according to an embodiment of the invention. This view furtherillustrates how the top channel 302 extends along the length of thecontainer 300. Container 300 further comprises a shell 316 and rollingdoor 318. A plurality of doors may also be used instead of rolling dooras illustrated in FIGS. 10-12.

FIG. 41 is a front view of a container 300 with a top channel hangingfrom a trailer, according to an embodiment of the disclosure. This viewillustrates how container 300 hangs from a trailer 50 in a long-rangetransport. Only a portion of the trailer and a single transverse rail320 is shown in FIG. 41. In this embodiment, the channel of thecontainer 300 is aligned with the transverse rail so that the rail isinserted into the channel and the right and left lips 308, 312 rest onthe top surface of the transverse rail. The container can be raised andlowered by a mechanical system 322. A screw lift is shown in FIG. 41that is driven by a motor 324 but other mechanical lift systems may beused to move the transverse rails vertically. Each transverse rail maybe moved independently of the other transverse rails.

When a container supported by the transverse rail is moved down, thecontainer comes into contact with and rests on top of the tractor loadbearing structure and when the transverse rail is moved up, thecontainer is lifted off of the tractor load bearing structure to befully supported by the trailer load bearing structure.

In one embodiment, a system for package distribution is provided. Along-range transport with at least four hanging mounts carries at leastfour containers. Each container has an overhead mount and a bottom mountand each container carries packages. Each of the overhead mounts isconfigured to mate with one of the hanging mounts. At least fourtractors are provided, with each tractor have a top mount and eachtractor being self-propelled. The top mount of the tractor is configuredto mate with the bottom mount of the container. The tractor mates withthe bottom mount, the overhead mount disconnects from the hanging mount,the tractor travels and delivers at least some of the packages, thetractor returns to the long-range transport, situating the containersuch that the overhead mount mates with the hanging mount, the bottommount and top mount disconnecting, leaving the container mounted to thelong-range transport.

In some embodiments, the top mount consists of pins and the bottom mountconsists of holes, the pins configured to extend and mate with theholes, attaching the container to a tractor. In some embodiments, theoverhead mount has lips that extends over both sides of the containerand the hanging mount has two grooves with end caps, the lips resting inthe grooves between the end caps as similarly shown in FIGS. 19-24. Thecontainer engages the grooves by being raised up such that the lippasses over the end caps, aligns the lips with the grooves, and lowersthe container until the lips rest in the grooves. The tractor isconfigured to raise the container by hydraulic suspension, move thecontainer to align the lips with the grooves, and lower the container,disengaging top mount from the bottom mount when the lips reach thegrooves. Removal of the container from the grooves involves reversingthese steps.

In one embodiment, a container consists of a top mounting memberconfigured to mount the container to hang from a structure or a firsttransport and a bottom mounting member configured to mount the containeron and be secured to a second transport.

In one embodiment, a container consists of a hanging member configuredto hang the container from a hanging mount and a bottom memberconfigured to rest on and be secured to a transport device.

Delivery Robot

In some embodiments, a delivery robot may be used to deliver packagesfrom the container at the end destination to a drop off point such asthe front door of a residence of a recipient. The delivery robot mayalso be referred to as a “last mile” robot. FIG. 42 is a front view of adelivery robot 400, according to an embodiment of the disclosure. Robot400 comprises a container body 402, which may also be referred to as acargo bay, where a package or box can be securely held. The robotfurther comprises wheels that can be moved in forward and backwarddirections and can be used to change directions of the robot. The wheelsare powered by at least one electric motor that is further suppliedpower by a rechargeable battery. The battery can be recharged or swappedout by a charged battery. The battery can be charged by the battery inthe container or at the warehouse. The robot can be powered by a solarpanel 406 located on the lid 408.

The robots use an omnidirectional drive in order to facilitatenavigation to the drop off points. In some embodiments, the wheels onthe robot may be Mecanum wheels to facilitate omnidirectional drive. Atypical Mecanum wheel is a tireless wheel, having a series of rubberizedexternal rollers with an axis of rotation at 45° to the wheel plane andat 45° to the axle line. Each Mecanum wheel is an independent drivewheel with its own motor. Spinning each wheel generates a propellingforce perpendicular to the axle, which force can be vectored into alongitudinal and a transverse component in relation to the vehicle. Assuch, the robot with Mecanum wheels can be propelled in any direction byspinning each wheel in the appropriate direction.

Preferably, the design of the wheels, namely the diameter, width, treadand materials, are selected to provide the best performance fortraveling from the delivery container to the drop off point for thepackage. For example, the wheels may be designed so that the robot cansuccessfully get over curbs, stairs, or other obstacles on its way tothe drop off point. In other embodiments, a pair of driven dual tracksare used instead of or in combination with wheels. In other embodiments,the robot may comprise four wheels or eight wheels. In some embodiments,the delivery robot may have one wheel in front and two in back or two infront and one in back.

The robot may include a suite of sensors such as cameras, a GPSintertial measurement unit, ultrasonic sensors, radar, or lidar that areused in navigating from the container to the drop off point. The robotmay further comprise speakers to communicate with a human. In the eventautonomous operation of the robot fails, it can be remote controlledinstead. In some instances, the robot may be controlled by a combinationof autonomous operation and remote control. The delivery robot may usefeature detection of edges and mapping techniques to determine thesuitability of navigable terrain. The robot is able to navigatestationary objects and moving humans or other moving objects such asvehicles.

The two or more robots may be able to communicate with each other toform an artificial neural network (ANN) wherein each robot act as anode. As the robots navigate through a city or town and come acrossobstacles that can delay their trip to their final destinations, therobots can collect and communicate this information to the other robotsso that their trip can be adjusted and re-directed to avoid theobstacles and provide a more efficient route to their finaldestinations.

The drop off point is typically at the recipient's front door. A signalis generated, either an audible signal with a volume to be heard throughthe door, or a wireless signal to the recipient's device, informing therecipient that a package is at the front door. The delivery robot isprogrammed to wait a certain period of time for a response. Therecipient may provide his preference in advance as to whether thepackage should be left at the front door or returned at a later date ifno one is at home to accept the package.

The lid to the body of the robot is mechanically locked throughout thejourney from the container to the location of the recipient to preventthe package from being stolen. Upon arrival, the recipient can open thelid to remove the package with a smartphone app. The location of therobots is tracked, so the recipient knows exactly the location of theirorder and receive a notification at the time of arrival.

In alternative embodiments, the drop off point is inside a garage orother structure on the recipient's property. For example, the deliveryrobot may use a system such as that disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos.9,608,834; 9,654,614; 9,712,335; 9,922,513; 9,811,958; 10,728,052;10,217,303; 10,997,547; 10,783,479; or 10,950,076; all of which arerelated to in-garage delivery. For in-garage delivery, the robot may beprogrammed to generate a unique signal that opens the garage door.

Piloting the delivery robot to the drop off point is preferably doneautonomously. Cameras on the delivery robot can facilitate this, as wellas GPS signals and/or beacons placed at drop off spots such as at thefront door or at the garage door. Preferably, the delivery robot uses AIto learn, store and execute navigation instructions upon multiple tripsto individual drop off points.

The delivery robot further comprises a hinge 410 that connects the lidto the robot body and allows the lid to readily be opened and closed.The robot further comprises a navigational system located behind awindow 412 and an antenna 414 to receive or transmit a wireless signal.

FIG. 43 is an isometric view of a delivery robot 400 with the lid open,according to an embodiment of the disclosure. This view furtherillustrates the location of a package 416 and how it is situated insidethe cargo bay of the robot with the lid open. The robot is furthercapable of notifying a recipient that the robot is at the door such thatthe recipient can receive the package. The robot may further comprise amechanism to remove the package and leave it at the front door of theresidence. The robot further comprises a door 418 that is connected tothe robot body by a door hinge 420 that can be opened to push out apackage out of the body of the robot body to leave the package at alocation such at the front door of a residence.

In some embodiments, the delivery robot may further comprise a device toremove the package from inside the robot body. FIG. 46 is an isometricview of a delivery robot 600 with a robotic arm, according to anembodiment of the disclosure. The delivery robot 600 in FIG. 46 issimilar to delivery robot 400 illustrated in FIGS. 42-43. The roboticarm is configured to grasp a package in order to place the package atthe desired drop off point. This embodiment of a delivery robot candeliver the package by a recipient removing the package from the robotafter the lid is opened, pushing it out the door 418 and a robotic armwith pincers grasping and lifting the package from the inside robot andplacing it at a front door, in the garage, in a package receptacle,handing it directly to a recipient or other location. In someembodiments, the only method the delivery robot may have to remove anddeliver the package is with a robotic arm.

FIG. 44 is a side view of a container on a short-range tractor 500 witha compartment 508 for a delivery robot, according to an embodiment ofthe invention. The container 502 and tractor in this view is similar tothat previously shown in FIG. 9. The container 502 in this embodimentcomprises a plurality of compartments 504 and an outer shell 506. Thecompartments are filled with packages 37, 39. One or more of thecompartments 508 has been modified to be able to store a delivery robot400 until it is time for the delivery robot to leave the modifiedcontainer 502 to deliver one or more packages. A ramp may be pulled outby a driver or be automatically lowered for the robot to leave thecompartment 508. A robot with a robotic arm may also be used to deliverpackages from a container.

FIG. 45 is a rear isometric view of a container on a short-range tractorwith cubbyholes for a delivery robot, according to an embodiment of theinvention. In this embodiment, the container 520 located on ashort-range tractor 10 with a rolling door 532 has been modified tocomprise two rear cubbyholes 522 to store two delivery robots. Therobots rest on a platform-like structure 524 that further comprises alowered ramp 526 shown on the left. The ramp on the right has beenremoved to better view the robot on the right. The cubbyholes furthercomprise on overhanging structure 528 attached to the shell 530 toprotect the robots from damage or weather.

A delivery robot with a robotic arm may be configured to help retain thedelivery robot in its storage position in a compartment of a container.The robotic arm can also be configured to retain the delivery robot inits storage position. The robotic arm can also be configured tofacilitate the delivery robot getting into and out of its storageposition.

At least two delivery robots may be carried with each container, andwherein the two delivery robots are configured to simultaneously carrytwo different packages to two different drop off points. The twodifferent drop off points, for example, may be located at two differentresidences on the same street. Each delivery robot may be configured tocarry more than one package from the container and configured tonavigate to more than one drop off spot before returning to thecontainer. Each delivery robot may be configured to return to thecontainer even when the container has been moved from the original enddestination. This is referred to as catch up mode such as in the casewhen the container keeps moving down a street from one location toanother. Each delivery robot may be configured to wait for the return ofthe container whenever the container has moved away from the enddestination, and then navigate back to the container when the containerhas returned to the end destination. This is referred to as wait mode.

Multi-Use Package Receptacle

The following embodiments relate to a multi-use receptacle fordeliveries of packages to and from end destinations.

FIG. 15 is an isometric view of a multi-user package receptacle,according to an embodiment of the invention. The package receptacle 48is preferably powered by solar panel 60 and communicates withtransmitter/receiver 62 in the same manner as FIGS. 13-14. In thisembodiment, the package receptacle is preferably used by a singleresidence or business. Alternatively, the receptacle may be used by aneighborhood, apartment complex, or office complex. Individual sets ofdoors 53 and 59 with their receiving chamber or first compartment on topand delivery chamber on the bottom, can be controlled by an individualhousehold or company, or each set can be assigned on an as used basis.Unlike FIGS. 12-14, this embodiment has doors on the front only.

When an end user has a package to deliver, e.g., return to the warehouseor other location, the end user enters a code into a keypad 76 on a door59 or uses a smart phone app to open the door, where he places hispackage. Placement of the package signals the delivery service thatthere is a package to be picked up. The delivery vehicle arrives andpicks up any packages behind the doors 59 and delivers any packagesbehind door 53. The end user can then retrieve any packages at hisconvenience.

In another embodiment, the lower or second compartment 59 is a trashcompactor, as in FIG. 14, and packages are delivered and received behinddoor 53. This lower or second compartment may also be used to receivere-usable packaging that can be returned to the warehouse, as previouslydescribed herein. The lower or second compartment may be used to receiverecyclable materials that are returned to the warehouse or otherlocation for recycling.

FIG. 14 is a front view of a delivery vehicle and a package receptaclethat may be used in one embodiment of the present invention. Thedelivery vehicle 10 may be the same as in FIGS. 1-2, 3-10 or FIG. 10 ormay be a truck with non-removable storage. The delivery driver 11 pullsthe delivery vehicle 10 up to a package receptacle 48. The deliverydriver 11 has a wireless electronic device, such as a smart phone orbuilt-in device, that transmits a signal to the receiver 62. The door 53for the top compartment 54, in this embodiment acting as both areceiving box for packages and as a delivery box for the packagerecipient to also send packages, is opened and the delivery driver 11removes any packages in the top compartment 54 for delivery and placesany packages for the end destination in the top compartment. The packagerecipient also has access to the middle and lower compartments, 56 and58. Middle compartment 56 is a compactor into which cardboard may beplaced and compressed into a removable block that is placed in lowercompartment 58. The delivery driver 11 opens the door 59 and removes theblock for recycling. In some embodiments, the compactor includesshredding capacity for shredding cardboard boxes before compaction. Thepackage receptacle is powered by solar panel 60 with a battery for darkand cloudy times.

In some embodiments, the compactor receives not just cardboard but alsoother garbage to compact into a smaller volume for pickup. The lowerchamber 58 preferably contains plastic that wraps the compacted garbagefor removal by the delivery driver 11. In some embodiments, the lowerchamber 58 sanitizes the garbage.

The refuse may be only recyclables, such as cardboard, paper, andplastics, or may include yard waste, food waste, and other garbage. Insome embodiments, the compacted garbage is sanitized by steam, UV,ozone, or other chemical treatment. In some embodiments, the compactedgarbage is sealed in a sanitary plastic wrap, which is preferablybiodegradable. In some embodiments, a second compartment is provided toshred cardboard in a shredder that feeds a compactor.

In one embodiment, an alarm is configured to alert the end recipient ofthe delivery of a package, an item being picked up, or any tamperingwith the receptacle.

In one embodiment, the package receptacles contain an indicator touniquely identify the delivery destination to verify correct delivery ofthe package. The container may include a reader to automatically readthe indicator. This reader may be incorporated into the robotic arm. Theindicator can be an optically scannable code or a radio-wave beacon.

The user may also use the receptacle to send a package. The sent packagemay be a return to the distribution center it came from. Alternatively,the receptacle may be used to deposit and thereby send a package toanother location, for example via a carrier such as UPS or FedEx.

In one embodiment, the package recipient has a code, key, or wirelessaccess to door 57 and can place the package into compartment 56. Thewireless receiver 62 may also be a transmitter and signals the wirelesstransmitter 46, also a receiver, that there is a package or packages toretrieve. The door 59 is then opened and the package is provided to therobotic arm 42 which places it into the small compartment 58 that thepackage delivered was stored in. In other embodiments, other open smallcompartments may be used.

In some embodiments, a processor for processing data relating to theidentity of the packages and the respective delivery destinations isprovided. The processor is configured to determine efficient loading ofthe packages into each of the containers. The processor is furtherconfigured to determine efficient loading of the containers onto thelong-range transports. The processor is still further configured todetermine efficient locations of the one or more intermediatedestinations. Artificial intelligence (AI) may be used to determineoptimal loading of packages and containers, as well as delivery routes.

In some embodiments, package receptacles are located at at least some ofthe delivery destinations. The containers preferably each have a roboticdevice for placing a package in a package receptacle at a deliverydestination. In alternative embodiments, the package receptacles haverobotic means of retrieving the appropriate packages from the container.In some embodiments, the package receptacles have an indicator touniquely identify its delivery destination and wherein that indicator isused to verify correct delivery of a package. The robotic deviceincludes a reader to read the indicator. The indicator may be anoptically scannable code or a radio-wave beacon. The containers maycomprise a reader to automatically read indicators on.

In one embodiment, a multi-use package receptacle for deliveries to andpickups from a home is provided. A first compartment is for receiving apackage delivered from a delivery service. A second compartment is fordepositing an item to be picked up by a pickup service. For efficiency'ssake, the delivery service and pickup service may be one and the same.An access control unit is configured to lock and unlock the first andsecond compartments. The access control unit grants access to both thefirst and second compartments to a user associated with the home. Theaccess control unit grants access to the first compartment to a verifieddelivery service and grants access to the second compartment to averified pickup service. By “verified,” it means a service that has beenpre-cleared and authorized. The item to be picked up may be trash or apackage to be returned to a vendor or delivered to another recipient. Insome embodiments, indicators uniquely identify the compartment of theset of first compartments and set of second compartments to verifycorrect delivery or pickup compartment.

In some embodiments, the receptacle has an indicator to uniquelyidentify the home and is used to verify correct delivery or pickuplocation. The indicator may be an optically scannable code or aradio-wave beacon. The indicator is configured to be automatically readby a vehicle of the delivery service and by a vehicle of the pickupservice.

In some embodiments, the access control unit grants access to the userin response to a wireless signal generated by a smart device associatedwith the user. The smart device may be a smart phone. The wirelesssignal may be a Bluetooth® signal. The access control unit may grantaccess to a delivery service in response to a wireless signal generatedby a device carried by a delivery vehicle. The access control unit maygrant access to a pickup service in response to a wireless signalgenerated by a device carried by a pickup vehicle. The access controlunit is powered by a battery that is recharged by a solar panel.

In some embodiments, the first and second compartments are configured tocooperate with a robotic delivery mechanism of a delivery vehicle and/orpickup vehicle.

In one embodiment, a container for delivering packages is provided. Thecontainer has one or more of package storage modules which may also bereferred to as compartments. Each package storage module has asignal-actuated door on an external wall of the container. The one ormore package storage modules are configured to carry one or morepackages to end destinations. The one or more packages are placed in theone or more package modules by a delivery service. The container travelsto an end destination. A package recipient supplies a digital signal,supplied by the delivery service, to open one of the package modules andretrieve the one or more packages contained therein.

In one embodiment, the container has a GPS receiver that signals aprocessor that determines the location of the container and determineswhich package recipient is next and which of the one or more packagesstorage modules contains the one or more packages for the packagerecipient.

In one embodiment, each of the signal-actuated doors has an indicator,such as a colored light. The light for the signal-actuated door of thenext of the package storage modules is turned on when the processordetermines which package recipient is next, the light indicating whichdoor the package recipient is to open to retrieve his one or morepackages.

In some embodiments, the container has a single package storage modulewhich has an inner door that faces a bulk package storage that containsall packages that are to be delivered while the container is travelingto a plurality of the end destinations. The bulk package storage has arobotic arm for moving the one or more packages for the end destinationfrom the bulk package storage, through the inner door, and into thesingle package storage module.

In some embodiments, the container has a GPS that signals a processorthat determines the location of the container and determines whichpackage recipient is next, opens the inner door, directs the robotic armto grab the one or more packages for that end destination and place themin the single package storage module, and closes the inner door.

Preferably, each of the signal-actuated doors face curb side to providemore efficient and safer access.

In one embodiment, the container has a vertical board with mount pointson which the one or more package modules are mounted. In one embodiment,the package modules are sized to fit the varying sizes of the one ormore packages contained therein and placed with other package modules onthe container based on proximate end destinations. In one embodiment, arobotic system fills the one or more package modules and mounts the oneor more package modules onto the vertical board. In one embodiment, thevertical board runs the length of the container and has mount points onboth sides such that the package modules are located on both sides. Inone embodiment, the container is autonomous and is configured to driveforward and backward as needed so that the container aligns the packagemodule being accessed by the package recipient to curb-side.

In one embodiment, the signal-actuated door is hinged on the top suchthat as the package is pushed through the signal-actuated door, thepackage recipient takes the package and the signal-actuated door closesand locks, prohibiting the package recipient from taking packages beingdelivered to other recipients.

In one embodiment, an end user with a package to deliver signals thedelivery provider to pick-up his package. The delivery provider adds thelocation of the end user as a stop during delivery to proximate enddestinations. The container signals the end user upon arrival such thatthe end user brings the package to load into a selected package storagemodule. The end user supplies a signal to the container that the enduser is ready. The container then delivers the package to the deliveryprovider for ultimate delivery.

Container for Delivering Multiple Packages at a Pickup Location

As noted above, one embodiment is a system for delivering packages thatuses a plurality of containers that are transported from a distributioncenter to pick up locations and parked there, whereupon packagerecipients retrieve their packages from the container. As depicted inFIGS. 47 and 48, each container includes a plurality of package storagecompartments, with each compartment having an individually controlledaccess door on an external wall of the container. One or more packagesare placed in at least some of the plurality of modules at thedistribution center.

The container is configured to be transported between the distributioncenter and the pickup location. Preferably, this is accomplished asdescribed above in connection with FIGS. 16-30. In summary, thecontainers are loaded with packages at the distribution center,whereupon the containers are loaded onto a long-range transport, whichcarries the containers to one or more intermediate destinations. At theintermediate destination, each container is attached to a short-rangetractor, which takes the container to a pickup location. The containeris parked, i.e., left at the pickup location, for a predetermined periodof time. At the end of that time, a short-range tractor picks up theempty, or mostly empty container and takes it back to the intermediatedestination. At that point, the container is loaded on the long-rangetransport and carried back to the distribution center to restart theprocess.

These containers can be transported to the pickup locations by othermeans. For example, in one alternative embodiment, the containers may beprovided with a motor and wheels and thus be self-propelled. As such,the containers can transport themselves between the distribution centerand the pickup locations. Such self-propelled containers may be drivenautonomously (see FIG. 37), by remote control, or include a cab for ahuman driver (See FIG. 38).

In a second alternative embodiment, these containers may also be loadedonto the tractors, so as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 at the centraldistribution center and delivered directly to the pickup locations. Inother words, this second embodiment eliminates the intermediatedestinations and the long-range transports.

In a third alternative embodiment, multiple containers are loaded onto along-range transport (See FIG. 16), which transports each of thecontainers to the appropriate pickup locations. In other words, thisthird embodiment eliminates the intermediate destinations and theshort-range tractors. In a particularly busy pickup location, two ormore containers may be parked to handle the volume.

In the simplest embodiment (see FIG. 47), the containers are parked on apaved or even a gravel or dirt spot. For example, a corner of anexisting parking lot 471 may be used. In other embodiments (see FIG.48), the containers are provided with landing pads 481 at the pickuplocations. Other features such as a roof 483 and walls 485 may be addedto protect the container and users from the elements. Alternatively,features such as an extendable awning may be provided as part of thecontainer.

The recipients of the packages in the compartments of the container arenotified of the arrival of the packages at the pickup location. This canbe accomplished by a processor at central station sending out messages,such as e-mails or texts. Preferably, the notifications are made throughan app running on the recipient's smart device, such as a smart phone.

Preferably, the notification includes not only the arrival of thepackage, but also communicates the time window within which the packagemust be retrieved, i.e. the time before the container will be picked upand returned to the distribution center. Even more preferably, thesystem will send reminders to the package recipient if the package hasnot been picked up by a certain time and warning that the package willbe returned if not picked up. The reminder may also indicate that extrashipping charges may be incurred if the package has to be returned. Forthis preferred embodiment, the system needs a way of knowing whenpackages are picked up. This may be accomplished by simply detecting andrecording when a particular compartment door is opened. Alternatively,one or more cameras, weight sensors or other devices may be used todetect individual package retrieval. Cameras 473 and 488 may bepreferred, in that a record of who retrieved each package can bemaintained. Cameras and other security systems may also be employed toprotect the packages from theft and the users from harm.

The notifications may be triggered according to the delivery schedule.Alternatively, the notifications may be triggered by a positivedetection that the container with the appropriate packages has beenparked at the pickup location.

Preferably, the system includes devices 487 to facilitate wirelesscommunication between the containers and a central station. Throughsuch, the central station can keep track of the location of thecontainers, both while in transit and when parked. Also, the wirelesscommunication allows the central station to detect and record whenindividual packages are retrieved. The communication also allows thecentral station to monitor any unsafe weather or criminal conditions atthe parked containers' locations.

This system is configured to provide each package recipient with accessto the compartment containing the package intended for that recipient.In its simplest form, this is provided by sending the recipient theidentification, e.g., number, of the compartment along with an accesscode, such as a sequence of numbers or letters, that, when entered intoa keypad 489 or touchscreen at the container, opens the door of theappropriate compartment. In alternative embodiments, the system storesbio-identifiers of each recipient, e.g., fingerprint, facial print,retinal scan, etc., and the recipient uses a touch pad or other inputdevice to have that bio-identifier read by the system.

In still other embodiments, the package recipient is provided with meansto generate a unique wireless signal, e.g., a Bluetooth sequence fromhis smart phone 475, that opens the appropriate door of the container.Preferably, such a signal would be managed and generated by an apprunning on the recipient's smart phone.

One preferred feature of such a delivery app or of the ordering websiteis for the recipient to be able to specify a convenient day for pickupof his package from the parked container. For example, if the defaultday would occur when the recipient would be away, he can reset the dayand time to one that suits his travel schedule. The app or website mayalso be used to select a date that would allow multiple packages to bepicked up together, i.e., delay delivery of a first package to a date asecond package would be set to arrive.

Another preferred function of these embodiments is to allow customers toreturn packages through the system. In other words, one or morecompartments 477 can be set aside for customers to place packages thatthey want to return to the distribution center. Through the app orthrough the web site, a customer wanting to return an item receives anauthorization code that can be entered in order to open the returncompartment door. Once the return compartment door is closed, the systemrecords that an item has been placed therein for return to thedistribution center.

Preferably, each container is provided with a battery to power themechanisms, electronics and communication systems thereon. Thecontainer's battery may be charged while the container resides at thedistribution center. Alternatively, the container's battery can beswapped out for a charged battery when depleted or degraded. In otherembodiments, the container can be powered through connection to thelanding pad 481.

Methods to Manufacture the Components of the System

A tab and slot method of fabrication may be used to assemble any of thecomponents of the systems described herein. This provides an efficientand precise way to build all or part of the container, the deliveryvehicle, the long-range transport, the tractor and/or the receptacle.Further, non-additive laser welding may be used to produce high qualitywelds, to speed up manufacturing, and to aide automation. It alsoreduces material costs, provides smokeless manufacturing, which is lesshazardous, and reduces and cleanup costs.

The preferred method of manufacturing these components of the presentinvention involves a tab and slot method, whereby a chassis and/or frameare constructed from metal pieces cut from flat stock, such as analuminum alloy or stainless steel. This technique has been described inthe following U.S. Patents, the entire disclosure of which areincorporated by reference: U.S. Pat. Nos. 8,398,159; 9,387,886;9,802,663; and 10,604,192. By one method, a frame is constructed by thetab and slot method and a skin, such as a molded fiber reinforcedpolymer or a metal, such as an aluminum alloy or stainless steel, isattached thereto.

The invention has been described with reference to various specific andpreferred embodiments and techniques. Nevertheless, it is understoodthat many variations and modifications may be made while remainingwithin the spirit and scope of the invention.

What is claimed is:
 1. A system for delivering packages comprising: aplurality of containers, each container having a plurality of packagestorage compartments, each compartment comprising an individuallycontrolled access door on an external wall of the container; wherein oneor more packages are placed in at least some of the plurality of modulesat a distribution center; wherein the container is configured to betransported between the distribution center and a pickup location; andwherein, upon arrival at the pickup location, the container is parked;wherein recipients of the packages in the compartments of the containerare notified of the arrival of the packages at the pickup location; andwherein each recipient is provided access to the compartment containingthe package intended for that recipient.
 2. The system of claim 1,wherein each recipient is provided access in the form of an access codeto be entered at the parked container, and wherein entry of the accesscode opens the door to the appropriate compartment of the container. 3.The system of claim 1, wherein each recipient is provided access in theform of a unique signal generated by a device registered to therecipient, which unique signal opens the appropriate compartment in thecontainer.
 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the recipients are notifiedof the arrival of the packages and the unique signals are generated byoperation of an app running on the device.
 5. The system of claim 4,wherein the device is a smart phone.
 6. The system of claim 4, whereinthe system detects when packages are picked up and wherein the app isalso used to provide a reminder to the recipients if the package is notpicked up within a predetermined time after arrival at the pickuplocation.
 7. The system of claim 6, wherein the reminder includes awarning that the package will be returned to the distribution center ifnot picked up by a predetermined day and time.
 8. The system of claim 1,wherein each recipient is allowed to specify a convenient delivery date,and wherein the package is loaded on the appropriate container to arriveat the pickup location by that convenient delivery date.
 9. The systemof claim 1, wherein each recipient is allowed to schedule a singleconvenient delivery date for multiple packages.
 10. The system of claim1, wherein the container comprises security features to protect thepackages and recipients.
 11. The system of claim 1, further comprising awireless communication system to facilitate monitoring and control ofthe container from a central station.
 12. The system of claim 11,wherein the container further comprises a battery to power itscontrolled access features and the wireless communication system. 13.The system of claim 12, wherein the battery is charged at thedistribution center.
 14. The system of claim 1, wherein the container isconfigured to be transported by a releasable mechanical attachment to avehicle.
 15. The system of claim 14, wherein the vehicle is anautonomous vehicle.
 16. The system of claim 1, wherein the container isconfigured to be transported from the distribution center to anintermediate destination by a long-range transport and configured to betransported from the intermediate destination to the pickup location bya short-range vehicle.
 17. The system of claim 1, wherein the containercomprises a motor and wheels that are used in transporting the containerfrom the distribution center to the pickup location.
 18. The system ofclaim 17, wherein the container is autonomously driven at least part ofthe way to the pickup location.
 19. The system of claim 17, wherein thecontainer is configured to be transported from the distribution centerto an intermediate destination by a long-range transport and configuredto transport itself from the intermediate destination to the pickuplocation.
 20. The system of claim 1, further comprising at least onesensor for detecting when a package is removed from a compartment.